Raspberry Pi : OpenCV 4.1.0 컴파일

출처

• Install OpenCV 4 on your Raspberry Pi - PyImageSearch
• [OpenCV 설치] Ubuntu OpenCV 설치, C++ 테스트
• How to find OpenCV version in Python and C++ ? | Learn OpenCV
• 4.0.0 does not produce pkgconfig file · Issue #13154 · opencv/opencv · GitHub

불필요한 패키지 제거

$ sudo apt-get purge wolfram-engine
$ sudo apt-get purge libreoffice*
$ sudo apt-get clean
$ sudo apt-get autoremove

라즈비안(Raspberry pi OS)의 업데이트와 업그레이드

$ sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

OpenCV 4.1 관련 패키지 설치

OpenCV 빌드 관련 도구 설치

$ sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake unzip pkg-config

OpenCV 관련 라이브러리 설치

$ sudo apt-get install libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev
$ sudo apt-get install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev
$ sudo apt-get install libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev

GTK 관련 라이브러리 설치

$ sudo apt-get install libgtk-3-dev

OpenCV 수치 최적화가 된 패키지 설치

$ sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev gfortran

Python3 설치

$ sudo apt-get install python3-dev

OpenCV 4.1 다운로드

OpenCV 4.1.0 소스 다운로드

$ cd ~
$ wget -O opencv.zip https://github.com/opencv/opencv/archive/4.1.0.zip
$ wget -O opencv_contrib.zip https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/archive/4.1.0.zip

압축풀기

$ unzip opencv.zip
$ unzip opencv_contrib.zip

디렉토리명 변경

$ mv opencv-4.1.0 opencv
$ mv opencv_contrib-4.1.0 opencv_contrib

OpenCV 4.1 용 Python 3 가상 환경 구성

pip 설치

$ wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
$ sudo python3 get-pip.py
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.org/simple, https://www.piwheels.org/simple
Collecting pip
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/5c/e0/be401c003291b56efc55aeba6a80ab790d3d4cece2778288d65323009420/pip-19.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.4MB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 1.4MB 1.1MB/s 
Installing collected packages: pip
  Found existing installation: pip 18.1
    Uninstalling pip-18.1:
      Successfully uninstalled pip-18.1
Successfully installed pip-19.1.1

virtualenv, virtualenvwrapper 설치

$ sudo pip install virtualenv virtualenvwrapper
$ sudo rm -rf ~/get-pip.py ~/.cache/pip

python3, virtualenv 환경설정

$ echo -e "\n# virtualenv and virtualenvwrapper" >> ~/.profile
$ echo "export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs" >> ~/.profile
$ echo "export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/bin/python3" >> ~/.profile
$ echo "source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh" >> ~/.profile
$ source ~/.profile

가상환경을 만들고, OpenCV 4.1 관련 패키지 추가

$ mkvirtualenv cv -p python3
Already using interpreter /usr/bin/python3
Using base prefix '/usr'
New python executable in /home/pi/.virtualenvs/cv/bin/python3
Also creating executable in /home/pi/.virtualenvs/cv/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...
done.
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/pi/.virtualenvs/cv/bin/predeactivate
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/pi/.virtualenvs/cv/bin/postdeactivate
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/pi/.virtualenvs/cv/bin/preactivate
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/pi/.virtualenvs/cv/bin/postactivate
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/pi/.virtualenvs/cv/bin/get_env_details

workon 명령을 사용하여 cv 환경에 있는지 확인

pi@raspberrypi:~$ workon cv
(cv) pi@raspberrypi:~$ 

numpy 파이썬 패키지 설치(OpenCV관련 수학 함수 모음)

pi@raspberrypi:~$ workon cv
(cv) pi@raspberrypi:~$ pip install numpy
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.org/simple, https://www.piwheels.org/simple
Collecting numpy
  Using cached https://www.piwheels.org/simple/numpy/numpy-1.16.4-cp37-cp37m-linux_armv7l.whl
Installing collected packages: numpy
Successfully installed numpy-1.16.4
(cv) pi@raspberrypi:~$ python
Python 3.7.3 (default, Apr  3 2019, 05:39:12) 
[GCC 8.2.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import numpy
>>> quit()

OpenCV 컴파일

CMake 실행

$ cd ~/opencv
$ mkdir build
$ cd build
$ cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \
     -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \
     -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=~/opencv_contrib/modules \
     -D ENABLE_NEON=ON \
     -D ENABLE_VFPV3=ON \
     -D BUILD_TESTS=OFF \
     -D OPENCV_ENABLE_NONFREE=ON \
     -D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=OFF \
     -D OPENCV_GENERATE_PKGCONFIG=YES \
     -D BUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF ..
 
... 생략 ...
 
-- General configuration for OpenCV 4.1.0 =====================================
--   Version control:               unknown
-- 
--   Extra modules:
--     Location (extra):            /home/pi/opencv_contrib/modules
--     Version control (extra):     unknown
-- 
--   Platform:
--     Timestamp:                   2019-07-01T15:38:09Z
--     Host:                        Linux 4.19.50-v7+ armv7l
--     CMake:                       3.13.4
--     CMake generator:             Unix Makefiles
--     CMake build tool:            /usr/bin/make
--     Configuration:               RELEASE
-- 
--   CPU/HW features:
--     Baseline:                    VFPV3 NEON
--       requested:                 DETECT
--       required:                  VFPV3 NEON
-- 
--   C/C++:
--     Built as dynamic libs?:      YES
--     C++ Compiler:                /usr/bin/c++  (ver 8.3.0)
--     C++ flags (Release):         -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wsign-promo -Wuninitialized -Winit-self -Wno-delete-non-virtual-dtor -Wno-comment -Wimplicit-fallthrough=3 -Wno-strict-overflow -fdiagnostics-show-option -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections  -mfpu=neon -mfp16-format=ieee -fvisibility=hidden -fvisibility-inlines-hidden -O3 -DNDEBUG  -DNDEBUG
--     C++ flags (Debug):           -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wsign-promo -Wuninitialized -Winit-self -Wno-delete-non-virtual-dtor -Wno-comment -Wimplicit-fallthrough=3 -Wno-strict-overflow -fdiagnostics-show-option -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections  -mfpu=neon -mfp16-format=ieee -fvisibility=hidden -fvisibility-inlines-hidden -g  -O0 -DDEBUG -D_DEBUG
--     C Compiler:                  /usr/bin/cc
--     C flags (Release):           -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-prototypes -Wstrict-prototypes -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wuninitialized -Winit-self -Wno-comment -Wimplicit-fallthrough=3 -Wno-strict-overflow -fdiagnostics-show-option -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections  -mfpu=neon -mfp16-format=ieee -fvisibility=hidden -O3 -DNDEBUG  -DNDEBUG
--     C flags (Debug):             -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-prototypes -Wstrict-prototypes -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wuninitialized -Winit-self -Wno-comment -Wimplicit-fallthrough=3 -Wno-strict-overflow -fdiagnostics-show-option -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections  -mfpu=neon -mfp16-format=ieee -fvisibility=hidden -g  -O0 -DDEBUG -D_DEBUG
--     Linker flags (Release):      -Wl,--gc-sections  
--     Linker flags (Debug):        -Wl,--gc-sections  
--     ccache:                      NO
--     Precompiled headers:         YES
--     Extra dependencies:          dl m pthread rt
--     3rdparty dependencies:
-- 
--   OpenCV modules:
--     To be built:                 aruco bgsegm bioinspired calib3d ccalib core datasets dnn dnn_objdetect dpm face features2d flann freetype fuzzy gapi hfs highgui img_hash imgcodecs imgproc line_descriptor ml objdetect optflow phase_unwrapping photo plot python3 quality reg rgbd saliency shape stereo stitching structured_light superres surface_matching text tracking ts video videoio videostab xfeatures2d ximgproc xobjdetect xphoto
--     Disabled:                    world
--     Disabled by dependency:      -
--     Unavailable:                 cnn_3dobj cudaarithm cudabgsegm cudacodec cudafeatures2d cudafilters cudaimgproc cudalegacy cudaobjdetect cudaoptflow cudastereo cudawarping cudev cvv hdf java js matlab ovis python2 sfm viz
--     Applications:                perf_tests apps
--     Documentation:               NO
--     Non-free algorithms:         YES
-- 
--   GUI: 
--     GTK+:                        YES (ver 3.24.5)
--       GThread :                  YES (ver 2.58.3)
--       GtkGlExt:                  NO
--     VTK support:                 NO
-- 
--   Media I/O: 
--     ZLib:                        /usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libz.so (ver 1.2.11)
--     JPEG:                        /usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libjpeg.so (ver 62)
--     WEBP:                        build (ver encoder: 0x020e)
--     PNG:                         /usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libpng.so (ver 1.6.36)
--     TIFF:                        /usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libtiff.so (ver 42 / 4.0.10)
--     JPEG 2000:                   build (ver 1.900.1)
--     OpenEXR:                     build (ver 1.7.1)
--     HDR:                         YES
--     SUNRASTER:                   YES
--     PXM:                         YES
--     PFM:                         YES
-- 
--   Video I/O:
--     DC1394:                      NO
--     FFMPEG:                      YES
--       avcodec:                   YES (58.35.100)
--       avformat:                  YES (58.20.100)
--       avutil:                    YES (56.22.100)
--       swscale:                   YES (5.3.100)
--       avresample:                NO
--     GStreamer:                   NO
--     v4l/v4l2:                    YES (linux/videodev2.h)
-- 
--   Parallel framework:            pthreads
-- 
--   Trace:                         YES (built-in)
-- 
--   Other third-party libraries:
--     Lapack:                      NO
--     Eigen:                       NO
--     Custom HAL:                  YES (carotene (ver 0.0.1))
--     Protobuf:                    build (3.5.1)
-- 
--   OpenCL:                        YES (no extra features)
--     Include path:                /home/pi/opencv/3rdparty/include/opencl/1.2
--     Link libraries:              Dynamic load
-- 
--   Python 3:
--     Interpreter:                 /home/pi/.virtualenvs/cv/bin/python3 (ver 3.7.3)
--     Libraries:                   /usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libpython3.7m.so (ver 3.7.3)
--     numpy:                       /home/pi/.virtualenvs/cv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include (ver 1.16.4)
--     install path:                lib/python3.7/site-packages/cv2/python-3.7
-- 
--   Python (for build):            /home/pi/.virtualenvs/cv/bin/python3
-- 
--   Java:                          
--     ant:                         NO
--     JNI:                         NO
--     Java wrappers:               NO
--     Java tests:                  NO
-- 
--   Install to:                    /usr/local
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------
-- 
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/pi/opencv/build

SWAP 사이즈 늘리기

dphys-swapfile 편집

$ sudo vi /etc/dphys-swapfile

CONF_SWAPSIZE 값을 2024 (2GB)로 설정

# set size to absolute value, leaving empty (default) then uses computed value
#   you most likely don't want this, unless you have an special disk situation
# CONF_SWAPSIZE=100
CONF_SWAPSIZE=2048

dphys-swapfile 재실행

$ sudo /etc/init.d/dphys-swapfile stop
Stopping dphys-swapfile (via systemctl): dphys-swapfile.service.
$ sudo /etc/init.d/dphys-swapfile start
Starting dphys-swapfile (via systemctl): dphys-swapfile.service

OpenCV 컴파일

$ make -j4

OpenCV 설치

$ sudo make install
$ sudo ldconfig

SWAP 이전 사이즈 돌려놓기

1. CONF_SWAPSIZE를 100MB로 재설정
2. 스왑 서비스를 재시작

OpenCV 4를 Python 3 가상 환경에 복사(소프트링크)

$ cd ~/.virtualenvs/cv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/
$ ln -s /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/cv2/python-3.7/cv2.cpython-37m-arm-linux-gnueabihf.so cv2.so
$ cd ~

OpenCV 설치 확인

파이썬

$ workon cv
$ python
Python 3.7.3 (default, Apr  3 2019, 05:39:12) 
[GCC 8.2.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import cv2
>>> cv2.__version__
'4.1.0'
>>> exit()

C++

#include "opencv2/opencv.hpp"
 
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
 
int main( int argc, char** argv )
{
  cout << "OpenCV version : " << CV_VERSION << endl;
  cout << "Major version : " << CV_MAJOR_VERSION << endl;
  cout << "Minor version : " << CV_MINOR_VERSION << endl;
  cout << "Subminor version : " << CV_SUBMINOR_VERSION << endl;
}

$ g++ opencv_check_version.cpp -o opencv_check_version `pkg-config --cflags --libs opencv4`
$ ./opencv_check_version 
OpenCV version : 4.1.0
Major version : 4
Minor version : 1
Subminor version : 0