출처
불필요한 패키지 제거
$ sudo apt-get purge wolfram-engine
$ sudo apt-get purge libreoffice*
$ sudo apt-get clean
$ sudo apt-get autoremove
라즈비안(Raspberry pi OS)의 업데이트와 업그레이드
$ sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
OpenCV 4.1 관련 패키지 설치
OpenCV 빌드 관련 도구 설치
$ sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake unzip pkg-config
OpenCV 관련 라이브러리 설치
$ sudo apt-get install libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev
$ sudo apt-get install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev
$ sudo apt-get install libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev
GTK 관련 라이브러리 설치
$ sudo apt-get install libgtk-3-dev
OpenCV 수치 최적화가 된 패키지 설치
$ sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev gfortran
Python3 설치
$ sudo apt-get install python3-dev
OpenCV 4.1 다운로드
OpenCV 4.1.0 소스 다운로드
$ cd ~
$ wget -O opencv.zip https://github.com/opencv/opencv/archive/4.1.0.zip
$ wget -O opencv_contrib.zip https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/archive/4.1.0.zip
압축풀기
$ unzip opencv.zip
$ unzip opencv_contrib.zip
디렉토리명 변경
$ mv opencv-4.1.0 opencv
$ mv opencv_contrib-4.1.0 opencv_contrib
OpenCV 4.1 용 Python 3 가상 환경 구성
pip 설치
$ wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
$ sudo python3 get-pip.py
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.org/simple, https://www.piwheels.org/simple
Collecting pip
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/5c/e0/be401c003291b56efc55aeba6a80ab790d3d4cece2778288d65323009420/pip-19.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.4MB)
|████████████████████████████████| 1.4MB 1.1MB/s
Installing collected packages: pip
Found existing installation: pip 18.1
Uninstalling pip-18.1:
Successfully uninstalled pip-18.1
Successfully installed pip-19.1.1
virtualenv, virtualenvwrapper 설치
$ sudo pip install virtualenv virtualenvwrapper
$ sudo rm -rf ~/get-pip.py ~/.cache/pip
python3, virtualenv 환경설정
$ echo -e "\n# virtualenv and virtualenvwrapper" >> ~/.profile
$ echo "export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs" >> ~/.profile
$ echo "export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/bin/python3" >> ~/.profile
$ echo "source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh" >> ~/.profile
$ source ~/.profile
가상환경을 만들고, OpenCV 4.1 관련 패키지 추가
$ mkvirtualenv cv -p python3
Already using interpreter /usr/bin/python3
Using base prefix '/usr'
New python executable in /home/pi/.virtualenvs/cv/bin/python3
Also creating executable in /home/pi/.virtualenvs/cv/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...
done.
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/pi/.virtualenvs/cv/bin/predeactivate
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/pi/.virtualenvs/cv/bin/postdeactivate
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/pi/.virtualenvs/cv/bin/preactivate
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/pi/.virtualenvs/cv/bin/postactivate
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/pi/.virtualenvs/cv/bin/get_env_details
workon 명령을 사용하여 cv 환경에 있는지 확인
pi@raspberrypi:~$ workon cv
(cv) pi@raspberrypi:~$
numpy 파이썬 패키지 설치(OpenCV관련 수학 함수 모음)
pi@raspberrypi:~$ workon cv
(cv) pi@raspberrypi:~$ pip install numpy
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.org/simple, https://www.piwheels.org/simple
Collecting numpy
Using cached https://www.piwheels.org/simple/numpy/numpy-1.16.4-cp37-cp37m-linux_armv7l.whl
Installing collected packages: numpy
Successfully installed numpy-1.16.4
(cv) pi@raspberrypi:~$ python
Python 3.7.3 (default, Apr 3 2019, 05:39:12)
[GCC 8.2.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import numpy
>>> quit()
OpenCV 컴파일
CMake 실행
$ cd ~/opencv
$ mkdir build
$ cd build
$ cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \
-D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \
-D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=~/opencv_contrib/modules \
-D ENABLE_NEON=ON \
-D ENABLE_VFPV3=ON \
-D BUILD_TESTS=OFF \
-D OPENCV_ENABLE_NONFREE=ON \
-D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=OFF \
-D OPENCV_GENERATE_PKGCONFIG=YES \
-D BUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF ..
... 생략 ...
-- General configuration for OpenCV 4.1.0 =====================================
-- Version control: unknown
--
-- Extra modules:
-- Location (extra): /home/pi/opencv_contrib/modules
-- Version control (extra): unknown
--
-- Platform:
-- Timestamp: 2019-07-01T15:38:09Z
-- Host: Linux 4.19.50-v7+ armv7l
-- CMake: 3.13.4
-- CMake generator: Unix Makefiles
-- CMake build tool: /usr/bin/make
-- Configuration: RELEASE
--
-- CPU/HW features:
-- Baseline: VFPV3 NEON
-- requested: DETECT
-- required: VFPV3 NEON
--
-- C/C++:
-- Built as dynamic libs?: YES
-- C++ Compiler: /usr/bin/c++ (ver 8.3.0)
-- C++ flags (Release): -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wsign-promo -Wuninitialized -Winit-self -Wno-delete-non-virtual-dtor -Wno-comment -Wimplicit-fallthrough=3 -Wno-strict-overflow -fdiagnostics-show-option -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -mfpu=neon -mfp16-format=ieee -fvisibility=hidden -fvisibility-inlines-hidden -O3 -DNDEBUG -DNDEBUG
-- C++ flags (Debug): -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wsign-promo -Wuninitialized -Winit-self -Wno-delete-non-virtual-dtor -Wno-comment -Wimplicit-fallthrough=3 -Wno-strict-overflow -fdiagnostics-show-option -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -mfpu=neon -mfp16-format=ieee -fvisibility=hidden -fvisibility-inlines-hidden -g -O0 -DDEBUG -D_DEBUG
-- C Compiler: /usr/bin/cc
-- C flags (Release): -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-prototypes -Wstrict-prototypes -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wuninitialized -Winit-self -Wno-comment -Wimplicit-fallthrough=3 -Wno-strict-overflow -fdiagnostics-show-option -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -mfpu=neon -mfp16-format=ieee -fvisibility=hidden -O3 -DNDEBUG -DNDEBUG
-- C flags (Debug): -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-prototypes -Wstrict-prototypes -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wuninitialized -Winit-self -Wno-comment -Wimplicit-fallthrough=3 -Wno-strict-overflow -fdiagnostics-show-option -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -mfpu=neon -mfp16-format=ieee -fvisibility=hidden -g -O0 -DDEBUG -D_DEBUG
-- Linker flags (Release): -Wl,--gc-sections
-- Linker flags (Debug): -Wl,--gc-sections
-- ccache: NO
-- Precompiled headers: YES
-- Extra dependencies: dl m pthread rt
-- 3rdparty dependencies:
--
-- OpenCV modules:
-- To be built: aruco bgsegm bioinspired calib3d ccalib core datasets dnn dnn_objdetect dpm face features2d flann freetype fuzzy gapi hfs highgui img_hash imgcodecs imgproc line_descriptor ml objdetect optflow phase_unwrapping photo plot python3 quality reg rgbd saliency shape stereo stitching structured_light superres surface_matching text tracking ts video videoio videostab xfeatures2d ximgproc xobjdetect xphoto
-- Disabled: world
-- Disabled by dependency: -
-- Unavailable: cnn_3dobj cudaarithm cudabgsegm cudacodec cudafeatures2d cudafilters cudaimgproc cudalegacy cudaobjdetect cudaoptflow cudastereo cudawarping cudev cvv hdf java js matlab ovis python2 sfm viz
-- Applications: perf_tests apps
-- Documentation: NO
-- Non-free algorithms: YES
--
-- GUI:
-- GTK+: YES (ver 3.24.5)
-- GThread : YES (ver 2.58.3)
-- GtkGlExt: NO
-- VTK support: NO
--
-- Media I/O:
-- ZLib: /usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libz.so (ver 1.2.11)
-- JPEG: /usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libjpeg.so (ver 62)
-- WEBP: build (ver encoder: 0x020e)
-- PNG: /usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libpng.so (ver 1.6.36)
-- TIFF: /usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libtiff.so (ver 42 / 4.0.10)
-- JPEG 2000: build (ver 1.900.1)
-- OpenEXR: build (ver 1.7.1)
-- HDR: YES
-- SUNRASTER: YES
-- PXM: YES
-- PFM: YES
--
-- Video I/O:
-- DC1394: NO
-- FFMPEG: YES
-- avcodec: YES (58.35.100)
-- avformat: YES (58.20.100)
-- avutil: YES (56.22.100)
-- swscale: YES (5.3.100)
-- avresample: NO
-- GStreamer: NO
-- v4l/v4l2: YES (linux/videodev2.h)
--
-- Parallel framework: pthreads
--
-- Trace: YES (built-in)
--
-- Other third-party libraries:
-- Lapack: NO
-- Eigen: NO
-- Custom HAL: YES (carotene (ver 0.0.1))
-- Protobuf: build (3.5.1)
--
-- OpenCL: YES (no extra features)
-- Include path: /home/pi/opencv/3rdparty/include/opencl/1.2
-- Link libraries: Dynamic load
--
-- Python 3:
-- Interpreter: /home/pi/.virtualenvs/cv/bin/python3 (ver 3.7.3)
-- Libraries: /usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libpython3.7m.so (ver 3.7.3)
-- numpy: /home/pi/.virtualenvs/cv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include (ver 1.16.4)
-- install path: lib/python3.7/site-packages/cv2/python-3.7
--
-- Python (for build): /home/pi/.virtualenvs/cv/bin/python3
--
-- Java:
-- ant: NO
-- JNI: NO
-- Java wrappers: NO
-- Java tests: NO
--
-- Install to: /usr/local
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------
--
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/pi/opencv/build
SWAP 사이즈 늘리기
dphys-swapfile 편집
$ sudo vi /etc/dphys-swapfile
CONF_SWAPSIZE 값을 2024 (2GB)로 설정
# set size to absolute value, leaving empty (default) then uses computed value
# you most likely don't want this, unless you have an special disk situation
# CONF_SWAPSIZE=100
CONF_SWAPSIZE=2048
dphys-swapfile 재실행
$ sudo /etc/init.d/dphys-swapfile stop
Stopping dphys-swapfile (via systemctl): dphys-swapfile.service.
$ sudo /etc/init.d/dphys-swapfile start
Starting dphys-swapfile (via systemctl): dphys-swapfile.service
OpenCV 컴파일
$ make -j4
OpenCV 설치
$ sudo make install
$ sudo ldconfig
SWAP 이전 사이즈 돌려놓기
1. CONF_SWAPSIZE를 100MB로 재설정
2. 스왑 서비스를 재시작
OpenCV 4를 Python 3 가상 환경에 복사(소프트링크)
$ cd ~/.virtualenvs/cv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/
$ ln -s /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/cv2/python-3.7/cv2.cpython-37m-arm-linux-gnueabihf.so cv2.so
$ cd ~
OpenCV 설치 확인
파이썬
$ workon cv
$ python
Python 3.7.3 (default, Apr 3 2019, 05:39:12)
[GCC 8.2.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import cv2
>>> cv2.__version__
'4.1.0'
>>> exit()
C++
#include "opencv2/opencv.hpp"
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
int main( int argc, char** argv )
{
cout << "OpenCV version : " << CV_VERSION << endl;
cout << "Major version : " << CV_MAJOR_VERSION << endl;
cout << "Minor version : " << CV_MINOR_VERSION << endl;
cout << "Subminor version : " << CV_SUBMINOR_VERSION << endl;
}
$ g++ opencv_check_version.cpp -o opencv_check_version `pkg-config --cflags --libs opencv4`
$ ./opencv_check_version
OpenCV version : 4.1.0
Major version : 4
Minor version : 1
Subminor version : 0
